Protective footwear used in the construction site is commonly certified using American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) standards that define laboratory-based performance requirements for mechanical protection, electrical hazards, and slip resistance. While these standards establish a baseline for safety certification, their applicability to cold and slippery construction environments has not been systematically evaluated. This study examines the extent to which existing ASTM footwear standards represent performance conditions faced during cold-climate construction work. A structured standards-based analysis examined performance requirements, testing assumptions, and scope boundaries across relevant ASTM standards and test methods. The analysis indicates that the current performance measures may not fully reflect footwear behavior when used in cold, wet, and icy conditions, particularly thermal comfort and temperature-dependent slip performance. A user-centric evaluation framework organizes the relationship between ASTM-regulated requirements, environmental exposure, and functional performance outcomes. Among the identified gaps, a supplemental cold-condition preconditioning protocol is proposed for slip resistance evaluation under ASTM F2913. The proposed adjustment introduces controlled low-temperature conditioning prior to dynamic coefficient of friction testing to improve environmental representativeness while preserving methodological repeatability.