The paper presents partial results of research into the application of nanofibers in the stabilization, conservation, and strengthening of historic plasters. Nanotechnologies applied in all basic technical disciplines currently belong to the most popular fields of research. The restoration of historic and cultural heritage buildings must not in any way damage the preserved original coatings. The execution method and the choice of the suitability of used materials must respect the preserved condition based on the original plaster composition. The research addresses the above issues by applying nanofibers to textile carrier fabrics. The suitability of selected electrospun polymers and acrylates for the purposes of strengthening surface layers, and the application methods of nanotextiles on plasters, were investigated. The objective of this study is to verify whether the newly-designed methodology for the stabilization, conservation, and strengthening of historic plasters meets structural and technical demands, as well as the strict criteria set by cultural heritage conservation.