ISEC 09


NON-CRACKING TECHNIQUES FOR GROUTING

MIROSLAV TODOROV


Abstract

Techniques for improving the ground base have been used since ancient times. The need of the geotechnical engineer to use zones with weak (cracked or high porosity) soil poses new, increasingly complicated problems. The solutions must consider requirements for the materials used and restrictions over the invasion. The use of natural (inorganic) materials is an approach resulting from the low speed of the change of the properties. The insignificant effect of the environment on the properties of the materials to be grouted is unquestionable. Here we should consider a number of factors connected with the anthropogenic conditions. An important aspect in the choice of materials is the expected positive changes in the structure and properties of the natural materials - improvement of soil skeleton structure, preservation of the migration of water, filling saturation, decreasing the consolidation deformability and others. The use of techniques for grouting with relatively small influence over the structure and properties of the natural materials requires certain basic mechanical parameters. Here we should pay attention to the scale of the interventions as a whole, the effect of which is considerably smaller than in usual techniques for different deep foundations. Another important aspect of these techniques is the economic effect, which creates conditions for a number of optimizations concerning the use of small-scale resources, by-products (colloidal clay, flay ash, lime, gypsum), small quantities of waste products, short periods for realization and others.

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